How does Search Engine Optimization/SEO works?

SEO commonly known as Search Engine Optimization is the activity of optimizing Web pages or whole sites in order to make them more search engine friendly, thus getting higher positions in search results.

SEO is sometimes also called SEO copyrighting because most of the techniques that are used to promote sites in search engines deal with text.

• SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization.
• SEO is all about optimizing a website for Search Engines.
• SEO is the process of designing and developing a website to rank well in search engine results.
• SEO is to improve the volume and quality of traffic to a website from search engines.
• SEO is a subset of search engine marketing.
• SEO is the art of ranking in the search engines.
• SEO is marketing by understanding how search algorithms work and what human visitors might search. 

A comprehensive search engine optimization project is divided into four interrelated phases:

1. Pre-site activities - The research and planning activities undertaken before an  existing or new site or page is actually touched or built.

• Understanding your organization's online business strategy.
• Researching your market category, customers and competitors.
• Keyword research and selection.

2. On-Site activities - The activities involved in the content and design of web pages.

• Writing the title, description and keyword meta tags.
• Writing content - Body copy, titles, images tags, outbound links that reflect and enhance keywords.
• Building Internal Links - Helping the search engines navigate the site.
• Site design and construction - Ensuring the web pages utilities design and code that can be properly crawled and indexed by the search engines.

3. Off-site activities -Building a portfolio of quality inbound links to your website.

4. Post-site activities - Analyzing and responding to site traffic and user feedback once a website has been optimized. Effective SEO is a continuous feedback.

If you plan to do some basic SEO, it is essential that you understand how search engines work and which items are most important in SEO.

How Search Engine Works?

Search engines perform several activities in order to deliver search results:

• Crawling - is the process of fetching all the web pages lined to a website. This task is performed by a software, called a crawler or a spider (or Google bot, as is the case with google). 
• Indexing - is the process of creating index for all the fetched webpages and keeping them into a giant database from where it can later be retrieved. Essentially, the process of indexing is identifying the words and expressions that best describe the page and assigning the page to particular keywords.

Processing - when a search request comes, the search engine processes it. i.e. it compares the search string in the search request with the indexed pages in the database.

• Calculating Relevancy - Since it is likely that more than one pages contains the search string, so the search engine starts calculating the relevancy of each of the pages in its index to the search string.
• Retrieving Results - The last step in search engines' activities is retrieving the best matched results. Basically,  it is nothing more than simply displaying them in the browser. 

Search engines such as Google and Yahoo! often update their relevancy algorithm dozens of times per month. When you see changes in your rankings it is due to an algorithmic shift or something else outside of your control.

Although the basic principle of operation of all search engines is the same, the minor differences between their relevancy algorithms lead  to major changes in results relevancy.

That's all from my end...

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